John C Middlebrooks

Title(s)Professor, Otolaryngology
SchoolSchool of Medicine
Address1001 Health Sciences Road
Irvine CA 92697-3950
Phone(949) 824-0119
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    Collapse Research 
    Collapse Research Activities and Funding
    Enhanced auditory prosthesis using a penetrating auditory-nerve electrode
    NIH R01DC017182Apr 11, 2019 - Mar 31, 2024
    Role: Principal Investigator
    CORTICAL AND BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES TO COCHLEAR IMPLANTS
    NIH R01DC004312Jan 1, 2000 - Nov 30, 2010
    Role: Principal Investigator
    CORTICAL REPRESENTATION OF AUDITORY SPACE
    NIH R29DC000420Jul 1, 1987 - Jun 30, 1995
    Role: Principal Investigator
    CORTICAL REPRESENTATION OF AUDITORY SPACE
    NIH R29NS025022Jul 1, 1987 - Jun 30, 1992
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Cortical Representation of Auditory Space
    NIH R01DC000420Jun 1, 1987 - May 31, 2020
    Role: Principal Investigator
    PERCEPTION AND PROCESSING OF COMPLEX BIOLOGICAL SIGNALS
    NIH P01DC000078Sep 1, 1977 - Nov 30, 2003
    Role: Principal Investigator

    Collapse ORNG Applications 
    Collapse Clinical Trials

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    Collapse Publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help. to make corrections and additions.
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    1. Artifact removal by template subtraction enables recordings of the frequency following response in cochlear-implant users. Sci Rep. 2024 03 14; 14(1):6158. Gransier R, Carlyon RP, Richardson ML, Middlebrooks JC, Wouters J. PMID: 38486005; PMCID: PMC10940306.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    2. Exploring the Use of Interleaved Stimuli to Measure Cochlear-Implant Excitation Patterns. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2024 Apr; 25(2):201-213. Guérit F, Middlebrooks JC, Gransier R, Richardson ML, Wouters J, Carlyon RP. PMID: 38459245; PMCID: PMC11018570.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    3. High Spectral and Temporal Acuity in Primary Auditory Cortex of Awake Cats. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2023 04; 24(2):197-215. Middlebrooks JC, Javier-Tolentino LK, Arneja A, Richardson ML. PMID: 36795196; PMCID: PMC10121981.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    4. Informational Masking in Aging and Brain-lesioned Individuals. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2023 02; 24(1):67-79. Farahbod H, Rogalsky C, Keator LM, Cai J, Pillay SB, Turner K, LaCroix A, Fridriksson J, Binder JR, Middlebrooks JC, Hickok G, Saberi K. PMID: 36471207; PMCID: PMC9971540.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:HumansPHPublic Health
    5. Electrophysiological and Psychophysical Measures of Temporal Pitch Sensitivity in Normal-hearing Listeners. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2023 02; 24(1):47-65. Guérit F, Harland AJ, Richardson ML, Gransier R, Middlebrooks JC, Wouters J, Carlyon RP. PMID: 36471208; PMCID: PMC9971391.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    
    6. Tonotopic Selectivity in Cats and Humans: Electrophysiology and Psychophysics. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2022 08; 23(4):513-534. Guérit F, Middlebrooks JC, Richardson ML, Arneja A, Harland AJ, Gransier R, Wouters J, Carlyon RP. PMID: 35697952; PMCID: PMC9437197.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsPHPublic Health
    7. Temporal Pitch Sensitivity in an Animal Model: Psychophysics and Scalp Recordings : Temporal Pitch Sensitivity in Cat. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2022 08; 23(4):491-512. Richardson ML, Guérit F, Gransier R, Wouters J, Carlyon RP, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 35668206; PMCID: PMC9437162.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    8. Why hearing aids are impaired. Nat Biomed Eng. 2022 06; 6(6):679-680. Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 33941894.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    
    9. A Search for a Cortical Map of Auditory Space. J Neurosci. 2021 Jul 07; 41(27):5772-5778. Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 34011526; PMCID: PMC8265804.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    
    10. Spatial Mechanisms for Segregation of Competing Sounds, and a Breakdown in Spatial Hearing. Front Neurosci. 2020; 14:571095. Middlebrooks JC, Waters MF. PMID: 33041763; PMCID: PMC7525094.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6  
    11. Design, Fabrication, and Evaluation of a Parylene Thin-Film Electrode Array for Cochlear Implants. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2019 02; 66(2):573-583. Xu Y, Luo C, Zeng FG, Middlebrooks JC, Lin HW, You Z. PMID: 30004866; PMCID: PMC6328340.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    12. Chronic Deafness Degrades Temporal Acuity in the Electrically Stimulated Auditory Pathway. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2018 10; 19(5):541-557. Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 29968099; PMCID: PMC6226412.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    13. Tone-Evoked Acoustic Change Complex (ACC) Recorded in a Sedated Animal Model. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2018 08; 19(4):451-466. Presacco A, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 29749573; PMCID: PMC6081888.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    14. Study of the Carrier-Aided Thin Film Electrode Array Design for Cochlear Insertion. Micromachines (Basel). 2018 Apr 27; 9(5). Xu Y, Luo C, Zeng FG, Middlebrooks JC, Lin HW, You Z. PMID: 30424139; PMCID: PMC6187472.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4  
    15. Masking release by combined spatial and masker-fluctuation effects in the open sound field. J Acoust Soc Am. 2017 12; 142(6):3362. Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 29289075; PMCID: PMC6786890.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:HumansPHPublic Health
    16. Selective recurrent laryngeal nerve stimulation using a penetrating electrode array in the feline model. Laryngoscope. 2018 07; 128(7):1606-1614. Haidar YM, Sahyouni R, Moshtaghi O, Wang BY, Djalilian HR, Middlebrooks JC, Verma SP, Lin HW. PMID: 29086427; PMCID: PMC5930155.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    17. Selective Stimulation of Facial Muscles Following Chronic Intraneural Electrode Array Implantation and Facial Nerve Injury in the Feline Model. Otol Neurotol. 2017 10; 38(9):e369-e377. Sahyouni R, Haidar YM, Moshtaghi O, Wang BY, Djalilian HR, Middlebrooks JC, Lin HW. PMID: 28834941; PMCID: PMC5597489.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    18. Selective stimulation of facial muscles with a penetrating electrode array in the feline model. Laryngoscope. 2017 02; 127(2):460-465. Sahyouni R, Bhatt J, Djalilian HR, Tang WC, Middlebrooks JC, Lin HW. PMID: 27312936; PMCID: PMC5760213.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    19. Spatial Stream Segregation by Cats. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2016 06; 17(3):195-207. Javier LK, McGuire EA, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 26993807; PMCID: PMC4854824.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    20. Emergence of Spatial Stream Segregation in the Ascending Auditory Pathway. J Neurosci. 2015 Dec 09; 35(49):16199-212. Yao JD, Bremen P, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 26658870; PMCID: PMC4682785.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    21. Central Auditory Processing of Temporal and Spectral-Variance Cues in Cochlear Implant Listeners. PLoS One. 2015; 10(7):e0132423. Pham CQ, Bremen P, Shen W, Yang SM, Middlebrooks JC, Zeng FG, Mc Laughlin M. PMID: 26176553; PMCID: PMC4503639.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:HumansPHPublic Health
    22. Transformation of spatial sensitivity along the ascending auditory pathway. J Neurophysiol. 2015 May 01; 113(9):3098-111. Yao JD, Bremen P, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 25744891; PMCID: PMC4455560.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    23. Sound localization. Handb Clin Neurol. 2015; 129:99-116. Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 25726265.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 33     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    24. Mutation in the kv3.3 voltage-gated potassium channel causing spinocerebellar ataxia 13 disrupts sound-localization mechanisms. PLoS One. 2013; 8(10):e76749. Middlebrooks JC, Nick HS, Subramony SH, Advincula J, Rosales RL, Lee LV, Ashizawa T, Waters MF. PMID: 24116147; PMCID: PMC3792041.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 22     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    25. Rat primary auditory cortex is tuned exclusively to the contralateral hemifield. J Neurophysiol. 2013 Nov; 110(9):2140-51. Yao JD, Bremen P, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 23945782; PMCID: PMC3841933.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    26. Spatial stream segregation by auditory cortical neurons. J Neurosci. 2013 Jul 03; 33(27):10986-1001. Middlebrooks JC, Bremen P. PMID: 23825404; PMCID: PMC3718378.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 36     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    27. Weighting of spatial and spectro-temporal cues for auditory scene analysis by human listeners. PLoS One. 2013; 8(3):e59815. Bremen P, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 23527271; PMCID: PMC3602423.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    28. Transcanal approach for implantation of a cochlear nerve electrode array. Laryngoscope. 2013 May; 123(5):1261-5. Kiumehr S, Mahboubi H, Middlebrooks JC, Djalilian HR. PMID: 23460260.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    29. High-acuity spatial stream segregation. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2013; 787:491-9. Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 23716256.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    30. Stream segregation with high spatial acuity. J Acoust Soc Am. 2012 Dec; 132(6):3896-911. Middlebrooks JC, Onsan ZA. PMID: 23231120; PMCID: PMC3528685.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:HumansPHPublic Health
    31. Specialization for sound localization in fields A1, DZ, and PAF of cat auditory cortex. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2013 Feb; 14(1):61-82. Lee CC, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 23180228; PMCID: PMC3540280.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    32. Microelectrode arrays fabricated using a novel hybrid microfabrication method. Biomed Microdevices. 2012 Feb; 14(1):193-205. Merlo MW, Snyder RL, Middlebrooks JC, Bachman M. PMID: 21979567; PMCID: PMC3289734.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    33. Detection of pulse trains in the electrically stimulated cochlea: effects of cochlear health. J Acoust Soc Am. 2011 Dec; 130(6):3954-68. Pfingst BE, Colesa DJ, Hembrador S, Kang SY, Middlebrooks JC, Raphael Y, Su GL. PMID: 22225050; PMCID: PMC3253597.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 43     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCellsPHPublic Health
    34. Unanesthetized auditory cortex exhibits multiple codes for gaps in cochlear implant pulse trains. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2012 Feb; 13(1):67-80. Kirby AE, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 21969022; PMCID: PMC3254721.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    35. Auditory cortex spatial sensitivity sharpens during task performance. Nat Neurosci. 2011 Jan; 14(1):108-14. Lee CC, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 21151120; PMCID: PMC3076022.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 88     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    36. Partial tripolar cochlear implant stimulation: Spread of excitation and forward masking in the inferior colliculus. Hear Res. 2010 Dec 01; 270(1-2):134-42. Bierer JA, Bierer SM, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 20727397; PMCID: PMC2997905.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    37. Selective electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve activates a pathway specialized for high temporal acuity. J Neurosci. 2010 Feb 03; 30(5):1937-46. Middlebrooks JC, Snyder RL. PMID: 20130202; PMCID: PMC2828779.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 63     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    38. Auditory temporal acuity probed with cochlear implant stimulation and cortical recording. J Neurophysiol. 2010 Jan; 103(1):531-42. Kirby AE, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 19923242; PMCID: PMC2807213.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 25     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    39. Cochlear-implant high pulse rate and narrow electrode configuration impair transmission of temporal information to the auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol. 2008 Jul; 100(1):92-107. Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 18450583; PMCID: PMC2493502.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 26     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    40. Intraneural stimulation for auditory prosthesis: modiolar trunk and intracranial stimulation sites. Hear Res. 2008 Aug; 242(1-2):52-63. Middlebrooks JC, Snyder RL. PMID: 18485635.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    41. Auditory cortex phase locking to amplitude-modulated cochlear implant pulse trains. J Neurophysiol. 2008 Jul; 100(1):76-91. Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 18367697; PMCID: PMC2493473.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 36     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    42. Spatial sensitivity of neurons in the anterior, posterior, and primary fields of cat auditory cortex. Hear Res. 2008 Jun; 240(1-2):22-41. Harrington IA, Stecker GC, Macpherson EA, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 18359176; PMCID: PMC2515616.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 31     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    43. Sound localization deficits during reversible deactivation of primary auditory cortex and/or the dorsal zone. J Neurophysiol. 2008 Apr; 99(4):1628-42. Malhotra S, Stecker GC, Middlebrooks JC, Lomber SG. PMID: 18199813.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 26     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    44. Cochlear implant electrode configuration effects on activation threshold and tonotopic selectivity. Hear Res. 2008 Jan; 235(1-2):23-38. Snyder RL, Middlebrooks JC, Bonham BH. PMID: 18037252; PMCID: PMC2387102.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 38     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    45. Auditory prosthesis with a penetrating nerve array. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2007 Jun; 8(2):258-79. Middlebrooks JC, Snyder RL. PMID: 17265124; PMCID: PMC2538356.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 66     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    46. Cochlear implants: the view from the brain. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2005 Aug; 15(4):488-93. Middlebrooks JC, Bierer JA, Snyder RL. PMID: 16009544.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 28     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    47. Auditory cortex cheers the overture and listens through the finale. Nat Neurosci. 2005 Jul; 8(7):851-2. Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 16136671.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    48. Spatial sensitivity in the dorsal zone (area DZ) of cat auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol. 2005 Aug; 94(2):1267-80. Stecker GC, Harrington IA, Macpherson EA, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 15857970.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 32     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    49. Sensitivity of auditory cortical neurons to the locations of leading and lagging sounds. J Neurophysiol. 2005 Aug; 94(2):979-89. Mickey BJ, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 15817648.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    50. Location coding by opponent neural populations in the auditory cortex. PLoS Biol. 2005 Mar; 3(3):e78. Stecker GC, Harrington IA, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 15736980; PMCID: PMC1044834.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 125     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    51. Human sound localization at near-threshold levels. Hear Res. 2005 Jan; 199(1-2):124-34. Sabin AT, Macpherson EA, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 15574307.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 32     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    52. Topographic spread of inferior colliculus activation in response to acoustic and intracochlear electric stimulation. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2004 Sep; 5(3):305-22. Snyder RL, Bierer JA, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 15492888; PMCID: PMC2504547.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 77     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    53. Effects of cochlear-implant pulse rate and inter-channel timing on channel interactions and thresholds. J Acoust Soc Am. 2004 Jul; 116(1):452-68. Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 15296005.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 47     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    54. Distributed coding of sound locations in the auditory cortex. Biol Cybern. 2003 Nov; 89(5):341-9. Stecker GC, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 14669014.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 48     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    55. The acquisitive auditory cortex. Nat Neurosci. 2003 Nov; 6(11):1122-3. Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 14583750.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Animals
    56. Cortical responses to cochlear implant stimulation: channel interactions. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2004 Mar; 5(1):32-48. Bierer JA, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 14564662; PMCID: PMC2538368.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 24     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    57. Representation of auditory space by cortical neurons in awake cats. J Neurosci. 2003 Sep 24; 23(25):8649-63. Mickey BJ, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 14507964; PMCID: PMC6740412.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 36     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    58. Vertical-plane sound localization probed with ripple-spectrum noise. J Acoust Soc Am. 2003 Jul; 114(1):430-45. Macpherson EA, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 12880054.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:HumansPHPublic Health
    59. Hearing phantoms. Focus on "Spectral cues explain illusory elevation effects with stereo sounds in cats". J Neurophysiol. 2003 Jul; 90(1):1. Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 12843302.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    60. Spatial sensitivity in field PAF of cat auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol. 2003 Jun; 89(6):2889-903. Stecker GC, Mickey BJ, Macpherson EA, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 12611946.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 42     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    61. Auditory space processing: here, there or everywhere? Nat Neurosci. 2002 Sep; 5(9):824-6. Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 12196806.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    62. Listener weighting of cues for lateral angle: the duplex theory of sound localization revisited. J Acoust Soc Am. 2002 May; 111(5 Pt 1):2219-36. Macpherson EA, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 12051442.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 155     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    63. Cortical representation of auditory space: information-bearing features of spike patterns. J Neurophysiol. 2002 Apr; 87(4):1749-62. Furukawa S, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 11929896.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 62     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    64. Cortical neurons that localize sounds. Neuroscientist. 2002 Feb; 8(1):73-83. Middlebrooks JC, Xu L, Furukawa S, Macpherson EA. PMID: 11843102.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    65. Auditory cortical images of cochlear-implant stimuli: dependence on electrode configuration. J Neurophysiol. 2002 Jan; 87(1):478-92. Bierer JA, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 11784764.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 74     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    66. Auditory cortical images of cochlear-implant stimuli: coding of stimulus channel and current level. J Neurophysiol. 2002 Jan; 87(1):493-507. Middlebrooks JC, Bierer JA. PMID: 11784765.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    67. Responses of auditory cortical neurons to pairs of sounds: correlates of fusion and localization. J Neurophysiol. 2001 Sep; 86(3):1333-50. Mickey BJ, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 11535681.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    68. Sensitivity of auditory cortical neurons to locations of signals and competing noise sources. J Neurophysiol. 2001 Jul; 86(1):226-40. Furukawa S, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 11431504.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCellsPHPublic Health
    69. Cochlear implant thresholds: comparison of middle latency responses with psychophysical and cortical-spike-activity thresholds. Hear Res. 2001 Feb; 152(1-2):55-66. Miller AL, Arenberg JG, Middlebrooks JC, Pfingst BE. PMID: 11223281.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    70. Psychophysical customization of directional transfer functions for virtual sound localization. J Acoust Soc Am. 2000 Dec; 108(6):3088-91. Middlebrooks JC, Macpherson EA, Onsan ZA. PMID: 11144603.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    71. Localization of brief sounds: effects of level and background noise. J Acoust Soc Am. 2000 Oct; 108(4):1834-49. Macpherson EA, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 11051510.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 30     Fields:    Translation:HumansPHPublic Health
    72. Auditory cortical images of tones and noise bands. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2000 Sep; 1(2):183-94. Arenberg JG, Furukawa S, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 11545145; PMCID: PMC2504540.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCellsPHPublic Health
    73. Cortical mechanisms for auditory spatial illusions. Acta Otolaryngol. 2000 Mar; 120(2):263-6. Xu L, Furukawa S, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 11603787.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    74. Individual differences in external-ear transfer functions of cats. J Acoust Soc Am. 2000 Mar; 107(3):1451-9. Xu L, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 10738800.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 17     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    75. Coding of sound-source location by ensembles of cortical neurons. J Neurosci. 2000 Feb 01; 20(3):1216-28. Furukawa S, Xu L, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 10648726; PMCID: PMC6774151.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 45     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    76. Individual differences in external-ear transfer functions reduced by scaling in frequency. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999 Sep; 106(3 Pt 1):1480-92. Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 10489705.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 41     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    77. Virtual localization improved by scaling nonindividualized external-ear transfer functions in frequency. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999 Sep; 106(3 Pt 1):1493-510. Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 10489706.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 33     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    78. Auditory cortical responses in the cat to sounds that produce spatial illusions. Nature. 1999 Jun 17; 399(6737):688-91. Xu L, Furukawa S, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 10385120.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    79. Codes for sound-source location in nontonotopic auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol. 1998 Aug; 80(2):863-81. Middlebrooks JC, Xu L, Eddins AC, Green DM. PMID: 9705474.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 45     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    80. Sensitivity to sound-source elevation in nontonotopic auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol. 1998 Aug; 80(2):882-94. Xu L, Furukawa S, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 9705475.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 16     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    81. A panoramic code for sound location by cortical neurons. Science. 1994 May 06; 264(5160):842-4. Middlebrooks JC, Clock AE, Xu L, Green DM. PMID: 8171339.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 101     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    82. Monaural sound localization: acute versus chronic unilateral impairment. Hear Res. 1994 May; 75(1-2):38-46. Slattery WH, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 8071153.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 77     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    83. Narrow-band sound localization related to external ear acoustics. J Acoust Soc Am. 1992 Nov; 92(5):2607-24. Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 1479124.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 61     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    84. Characterization of external ear impulse responses using Golay codes. J Acoust Soc Am. 1992 Aug; 92(2 Pt 1):1169-71. Zhou B, Green DM, Middlebrooks JC. PMID: 1506522.
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    85. Observations on a principal components analysis of head-related transfer functions. J Acoust Soc Am. 1992 Jul; 92(1):597-9. Middlebrooks JC, Green DM. PMID: 1512326.
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    86. Sound localization by human listeners. Annu Rev Psychol. 1991; 42:135-59. Middlebrooks JC, Green DM. PMID: 2018391.
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    89. Directional sensitivity of sound-pressure levels in the human ear canal. J Acoust Soc Am. 1989 Jul; 86(1):89-108. Middlebrooks JC, Makous JC, Green DM. PMID: 2754111.
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